n. 处罚, 刑罚, 罚款, 罚球, 报应, 不利结果, 妨碍
The motherhood penalty has become a shorthand for describing why: In many places, especially rich countries, women earn the same as men until they reach their childbearing years.
六级 · CET-6 2025年6月 第2套 · Part III 第51–52题
To one writer, being forced to play with others was a penalty while being kept alone in a room was quite a pleasure.
六级 · CET-6 2025年6月 第3套 · Part III 第38题
There is a fear of penalty, a fear that they'll have to do more work if they intervene.
六级 · CET-6 2024年6月 第1套 · Part III 第42题
But other studies using the same technique have shown there's sometimes no penalty to a near miss.
四级 · CET-4 2021年6月 第3套 · Part III 第36–45题
Especially for women, there is a clear penalty at work for being overweight or obese.
四级 · CET-4 2020年9月 第1套 · Part III 第46题